Post 137 ⇒ by Gautam Shah
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Doors have THREE categories of HARDWARE:
1 BASIC HARDWARE attaches a shutter directly or through a
frame to an opening or doorway. (Basic-Hardware)
2 SECONDARY HARDWARE provides control on the movement
of a door such as Latches, Stoppers, Locks-keys, stays.
3 APPENDAGES OR ATTACHMENTS that endow various types
of functionality.
Secondary hardware provides control over mechanics of
opening and closing. These include: stays, stoppers, locking
mechanisms, pivot or hinge fixing -rivets and bolts, studs, nuts,
housings, handles, doorstops or catch, door-closer, safety
chains, peep holes, view glasses, ventilators, knockers, etc.
PADLOCK CHAINS: One of the simplest locking mechanisms
is a chain. Chains are cast of brass, bronze or wrought iron and
occasionally formed of braided metal wire or fibre ropes. The
chains are primary locking devices with loops formed of round
or oblong rings, a locking ring at one end, and a fixing hook at
the other end. The locking ring is placed over or besides a
similar locking ring at the threshold, lintels or on side stiles. A
padlock is hung from the junction of locking rings. Similar
systems are used for locking bicycles.
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| Padlock Pixabay image by tpsdave |
PARALLEL LOCKING RINGS: The door and the frame, or two
adjoining shutters have hooked rings, which when brought
together to a parallel plane or in adjoining horizontal position,
allow a padlock to pass through. Often a ring and a chain with
multiple loops are used.
LATCH: A latch is a mechanical fastener that holds a shutter
against the frame or another shutter. A latch is functional
through friction, a holding notch or a catch. Ball catch type of
latch has a small sphere (ball-bearing) mounted on a coil spring.
Strap latches have a retractable plastic or notch that is
engaged in a slot.
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| Strapped Latch > Pixabay image by Hans |
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| Latch arrangement over Soda water bottle > Wikipedia image by Arthur Ccyyrree |
ALDROP (HOLDROP): It is a latch in the form of a metal shaft
with a closing handle resting over a cleat through which a
padlock is set. The metal shaft, is round, square, flat or oblong
in section. The shaft slides through cleats or a set of three ring
brackets but its end enters into the jamb to fasten the shutter
door.
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| Latch or Aldrop > Wikipedia image by Palagiri |
BOLT OR NIGHT LATCH (TADI): Bolt is a straight sliding shaft
with two / three cleats. The shaft has no closing handle (as in
aldrop) but instead a notch or a small projecting holder is
provided. Some latch shafts have a small aperture in the shaft
to insert a padlock to prevent its sliding movement.
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| Door Latch > Pixabay image by TryJimmy |
LATCH-BOLT: A bolt has an angled (chamfered) surface which
acts as a ramp to push the bolt in while the door is being closed.
With a latch-bolt, a door can be closed without having to operate
the handle. A handle, however, is required to pull back the
latch-bolt for opening the shutter.
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| Door safety chain > Wikipedia image by Santeri Viinamaki |
DEADBOLT: Deadbolts usually extend deeper into the frame
and are not retractable from outside except with a key. From
inside the deadbolt can be retracted by either a latch or key. The
bolt is often not angle cut or chamfered, so that no one from
outside can open the bolt with stiff card like credit card.
Deadbolts are fixed as add-on system over the inside face of the
door. Such fixing can be undone with a hard kick over the
shutter or use a crowbar to break-in. For security purposes
deadbolts are often concealed within the shutter body to prevent
forceful breaking in. Deadbolts also have additional safety chain,
which allows a door to be opened a little to receive a postal-currier delivery or talk to a visitor.
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| Door with two locks in the knob and deadbolt > Wikipedia image by Brian Katt |
FLUSH BOLT: It is a sliding bolt housed in channel or pipe with
projecting a holder pin mounted on a surface or concealed by
mortising into the edge of a door or astragal that typically
engages into the jamb head and sill to secure the door.
HASP: A hasp or Chapras in India, is a thin narrow plate
hinged to a fixing flange. The plate, at its end has an elongated
aperture which sits over a padlock placing ring. Hasps are used
in small furniture items such as jewellery boxes, wall clocks,
drawers, and interior doors.
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| Hasp or Chapras > Wikipedia image by Ajmint |
SLAM LATCH: It uses a spring and is activated by the shutting
or slamming of a door. Like all latches, a slam latch is a
mechanism to hold a door closed. Slam latch derives its name
from its ability to slam the doors and drawers shut without
damaging the latch. A slam latch is rugged and ideal for
industrial, agricultural and construction applications.
THUMB LATCH, NORFOLK LATCH OR SUFFOLK LATCH:
These are stoppers used in vertical or horizontal position. The
shaft is moved by thumb. These are often very thin, so can be
fixed on the side of a stile of the first of two door systems, on
sliding doors, etc.
DOOR STAYING MECHANISMS
DOOR STAYS are mechanisms to keep a door shut or stay it
in a particular open position. Normally stays are used to keep a
shutter closing down, and so used on the internal (opening) face
of the shutter, whereas latches and such mechanisms are used
for preventing the opening of the shutter. Some stay
mechanism is required to restrict movement of a pivoted door
in one direction. Stays can be placed at the bottom, midway or
at the top of the shutter. Other staying mechanisms are:
stoppers, door restrictor door-stops, door catch, door closer and
friction stays.
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| Door stay wedge > Wikipedia image by Bozembla |
WEDGE STAY: A wedge is one of the oldest stay systems. It is
made from wood, metal or stone. Wedges function due to
friction from the floor surface.
WINGED STAYS: These are hinged flaps that can be opened
out over the side of the stile of the shutter to prevent the door
closing. These are fixed at handle height and so comfortable to
operate.
PRESSURE STAYS work with vacuum or suction created in a
hollowed rubber rim. These are at floor level and so foot
operated. Some stays when not used have an extra mechanism
that turns to the closing edge of the door to keep it slightly ajar.
These makes, it safer for children and old persons hurting their
knuckles.
DOOR HOLDERS: These are fixed at the back of the door
(where a wall or such striking face is available). The door side
attachment is held by vacuum, magnet or mechanical snapping.
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| Door Catch with magnet > Wikipedia image by Brokensphere |
SHUTTER HOLDERS or PREVENTORS: These are essentially
restrictive arrangements that prevent a shutter from opening to
full width. These are used for hinged, pivoted and sliding doors
to regulate the entry or exit. The mechanisms include
stretchable ropes, chains or armed levers. Automatic doors have
sensors that judge the width of the passage required and
regulate the opening width.
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| Old style Door closer Wikipedia image by Norbert Schnitzler |
Read about at> Locks
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Slide Bolt locks have been a feature of traditional architecture for centuries and as such they have been present on doors and cabinets of homes, barns, churches, and some other places.
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